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Ecocriticism
These are some introductory (marked with *), key and founding texts of ecocriticism.
Karla Armbruster, Kathleen Wallace (eds) Beyond Nature Writing: Expanding the Boundaries of Ecocriticism University Press of Virginia.
Jonathan Bate (1991) Romantic Ecology: Wordsworth and the Environmental Tradition Routledge
* Jonathan Bate
(2000) The Song of the Earth Picador.
Michael Bennett and David W. Teague (eds) (1999) The Nature of Cities: Ecocriticism and Urban Environments University of Arizona Press.
Lawrence Buell (1995) The Environmental Imagination: Thoreau, Nature Writing and the Formation of American Culture Princeton University Press.
Lawrence Buell (2001) Writing for an Endangered World: Literature, Culture, and Environment in the U.S. and Beyond Belknap Press.
* Lawrence Buell (2004) The Future of Environmental Criticism: Environmental Crisis and Literary Imagination Blackwell.
* Laurence Coupe (ed) (2000) The Green Studies Reader Routledge.
William Cronon (ed.) Uncommon Ground: Rethinking the Human Place in Nature Norton.
* Erica Fudge (2002) Animal Reaktion Books.
Greta Gaard and Patrick Murphy (1998) Ecofeminist Literary Criticism: Theory Interpretation Pedagogy University of Illinois Press.
* Greg Garrard (2004) Ecocriticism Routledge.
Terry Gifford (1999) Pastoral Routledge.
* Cheryl Glotfelty and Harold Fromm (eds) The Ecocriticism Reader: Landmarks in Literary Ecology University of Georgia Press.
Robert Pogue Harrison (1993) Forests: The Shadow of Civilization University of Chicago Press.
Jhan Hochman (1998) Green Cultural Studies: Nature in Film, Novel and Theory University of Idaho Press.
* David Ingram (2000) Green Screen: Environmentalism and Hollywood Cinema University of Exeter Press.
Richard Kerridge and Neil Sammells (eds) (1998) Writing the Environment Zed Books.
* Richard Kerridge, 'Environmentalism and Ecocriticism' in Patricia Waugh (ed) Literary Theory and Criticism: An Oxford Guide Oxford University Press.
Tim Luke (1997) Ecocritique: Contesting the Politics of Nature, Economy and Culture University of Minneapolis Press.
Timothy Morton (2007) Ecology without Nature: Reconsidering Environmental Aesthetics Harvard University Press.
Patrick Murphy (1995) Literature, Nature and Other: Ecofeminist Critiques State University of New York Press.
Max Oelschlaeger (1991) The Idea of Wilderness: From Prehistory to the Age of Ecology Yale University Press.
John Parham (2002) The Environmental Tradition in English LiteratureAshgate.
Dana Phillips (2003) The Truth of Ecology: Nature, Culture and Literature in America Oxford University Press.
Val Plumwood (2001) Environmental Culture Routledge.
* Kate Rigby (2002) 'Ecocriticism' in Julian Wolfreys (ed) Introducing Criticism at the 21st Century Edinburgh University Press.
Andrew Ross (1994) The Chicago Gangster Theory of Life: Nature's Debt to Society Verso.
Simon Schama (1995) Landscape and Memory HarperCollins.
Kate Soper (1998) What is Nature? Blackwell.
Louise Westling (1996) The Green Breast of the New World: Landscape, Gender, and American Fiction University of Georgia Press.
Raymond Williams (1993, f.p. 1973) The Country and the City Hogarth.
Alexander Wilson (1992) The Culture of Nature: North American Landscape from Disney to the Exxon Valdez Blackwell.
British Environmental Literature and Nature Writing
The American canon of environmental literature from Thoreau to Barry Lopez and Terry Tempest Williams can easily be explored through the texts above and the ASLE website in the US. We limit the texts listed here not out of nationalistic exclusivity but because British texts are more likely to be meaningful to British students, and because suitable texts are fewer in number and less well known than their American counterparts.
Prose Non-fiction Nature Writing
J.A. Baker, The Peregrine, The Hill of Summer.
Roger Deakin, Waterlog, Wildwood.
Jay Griffiths, Wild.
W.H. Hudson, Nature in Downland, Hampshire Days, A Shepherd's Life, The Book of a Naturalist, Birds in a Village, Green Mansions.
Kathleen Jamie, Findings.
Richard Jefferies, Nature Near London, The Story of My Heart, Landscape with Figures: An Anthology of Richard Jefferies's Prose.
Richard Mabey, Flora Brittanica, Food for Free, Nature Cure, The Book of Nightingales.
Robert MacFarlane, The Wild Places, Mountains of the Mind.
Colin Simms, Pine Marten, The Lives of British Lizards.
Izaak Walton et al, The Compleat Angler.
Gilbert White, The Natural History of Selborne.
Dorothy Wordsworth, Alfoxden and Grasmere Journals.
Novels
Jennie Diski, Rainforest.
Gerald Durrell, My Family and Other Animals.
Maggie Gee, The Flood, The Ice People.
Stella Gibbons, Cold Comfort Farm.
Thomas Hardy, The Return of the Native, The Woodlanders, Tess of the D'Urbervilles, Jude the Obscure.
Richard Jefferies, After London.
DH Lawrence, Sons and Lovers, The Rainbow, Lady Chatterley's Lover.
Jem Poster, Rifling Paradise.
Graham Swift, Waterland.
Susannah Waters, Cold Comfort.
Mary Webb, Precious Bane, Gone to Earth.
Henry Williamson, Tarka the Otter, Salar the Salmon.
Postcolonial Writing and Eco/Poco Theory
We limit the texts included here to the work of critics explicitly addressing the intersection of ecocriticism and postcolonialism, and the literature they typically address.
David Arnold and Ramachandra Guha (eds)(1995) Nature, Culture, Imperialism: Essays on the Environmental History of South Asia Oxford University Press.
Peter Beard (1996)The End of the Game: Last Word from Paradise Chronicle Books.
Chris Campbell and Erin Somerville (eds) (2007) What is the Earthly Paradise? Ecocritical Responses to the Caribbean Cambridge Scholars Press.
Alfred Crosby (2004, 2nd edn) Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe 900-1900 Cambridge University Press.
Elizabeth DeLoughrey, Renee Gosson and George Handley (2006) Caribbean Literature and the Environment: Between Nature and Culture University of Virginia Press.
Madhav Gadgil and Ramachandra Guha (1995) Ecology and Equity: The Use and Abuse of Nature in Contemporary India Routledge.
Richard Grove (1996, 2nd edn) Green Imperialism: Colonial Expansion, Tropical Island Edens and the Origins of Environmentalism 1600-1860 Cambridge University Press.
Ramachandra Guha (1989) The Unquiet Woods: Ecological Change and Peasant Resistance in the Himalayas University of California Press.
Graham Huggan (2003) 'Greening Postcolonialism: Ecocritical Perspectives' Modern Fiction Studies 50:3, 701-733.
John Mackenzie (1997) The Empire of Nature: Hunting, Conservation and British Imperialism Machester University Press.
Susie O'Brien (2001) 'Articulating the World Between: Ecocriticism, Postcolonialism and Globalization' Canadian Literature 170/171, 140-58.
Helen Tiffin (2002) 'Postcolonialism, Animals and the Environment' in W. Ashcroft, G. Griffiths and H Tiffin (eds) The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literatures, 2nd edn. Routledge.
Colonial and Postcolonial Literature of Ecocritical Interest
RM Ballantyne (1897) The Gorilla Hunters: A Tale of the Wilds of Africa .
Jim Corbett (1989 reissue) The Maneaters of Kumaon Oxford University Press India.
Amitav Ghosh (2004) The Hungry Tide HarperCollins.
Barbara Gowdy (1998) The White Bone Flamingo.
Yann Martel (2002) Life of Pi Harcourt.
Arundhati Roy (1997) The God of Small Things Flamingo.
Ecopoetry and Criticism
In addition to the well-known British and Irish Romantic tradition broadly conceived (Wordsworth, Clare, Gerard Manley Hopkins, DH Lawrence, RS Thomas, Ted Hughes, Seamus Heaney) and the anthologies listed below, contemporary ecopoets might include: Kathleen Jamie, Alice Oswald, John Burnside, John Montague, Sorley Maclean. Critical texts listed below address British and American poetry.
Jonathan Bate
(2000) The Song of the Earth Picador.
John Elder and J. Scott Bryson (2002) Ecopoetry: A Critical Introduction University of Utah Press.
Terry Gifford (1995) Green Voices: Understanding Contemporary Nature Poetry University of Manchester Press.
Len Scigaj (1999) Sustainable Poetry: Four American Ecopoets University Press of Kentucky.
Film and TV
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